Exposure to perchloroethylene (PCE), commonly used in dry cleaning, is associated with a variety of health issues, both acute and chronic. Here are the most common health problems linked to PCE exposure:
Short-Term Health Issues
Respiratory Problems: Inhalation of PCE vapors can lead to symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing, and irritation of the respiratory tract. This is especially prevalent in poorly ventilated areas where PCE is used
Neurological Symptoms: Acute exposure can cause dizziness, headaches, lightheadedness, and coordination issues. High concentrations may lead to loss of consciousness or even coma.
Skin and Eye Irritation: Direct contact with PCE can result in skin irritation, rashes, or chemical burns. Eye exposure can cause severe irritation and pain
Long-Term Health Issues
Cancer Risk: PCE is classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Long-term exposure has been linked to various cancers, including bladder cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Cognitive Impairment: Chronic exposure has been associated with memory loss, cognitive decline, and mood disorders. Workers exposed over extended periods may experience significant neurological effects
Organ Damage: Prolonged exposure can lead to liver and kidney damage. Symptoms may not appear immediately but can manifest as elevated liver enzymes or renal dysfunction over time
Vulnerable Populations
Workers in dry cleaning facilities are particularly at risk due to their frequent and prolonged exposure to PCE. Additionally, customers who handle freshly cleaned garments may also be at risk if proper ventilation is not observed
.In summary, while PCE is effective for dry cleaning, its health risks necessitate careful handling and consideration of safer alternatives.